India says difficult to transition from coal to renewable energy

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India cannot end its dependence on coal, with consumption expected to go up in absolute terms to power the economy that is crucial for the livelihood of the vulnerable

At the climate conference, India and China had been criticised for diluting coal pledges. In the text of the COP26 agreement, "phase out" of coal-fired power was changed to "phase down".

India's longstanding position is that development is key to bringing millions out from poverty. It has maintained that countries which have enjoyed the fruits of industrialisation, namely the Western nations, should pay the bigger share of the financing of climate change initiatives and mitigation efforts.

a key area of disappointment has been climate finance...In 2009, it was decided that wealthy nations would plough in US$100 billion (S$136 billion) a year in climate finance to less wealthy nations by 2020. The target remained unachieved, with the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development calculating that only US$79 billion a year was given till 2019.

Qns:

1. Assess the view that attempts to control climate change can never be truly effective. (Cam. 2017)

2. Should there be any controls over the production of energy when the need for it is so great? (Cam. 2015)

3. Discuss the view that, with an increasing global need for energy, every possible source should be exploited to the full. (Cam. 2014)